論文發表人：日宏煜 (夏威夷大學馬諾亞分校人類學系博士班)
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病毒性肝炎是過去幾十年來影響台灣原住民健康的主要傳染病之一，目前大約有百分之十五的原住民為B型肝炎的帶原者或被C型肝炎所感染。透過對東台灣二個太魯閣族社區的民族誌研究發現，二十世紀初日本在台灣的殖民統治與其所引進的現代化之醫療行為與B、C型肝炎開始在太魯閣族社區大規模的流行有很密切的關係。1910年代中期，日本殖民帝國在征服整個太魯閣族後，大規模地將原本散居在中央山脈各部落的太魯閣族人遷移至東海岸少數的社區中，改變了部落原有生態系統中物理、生物與文化環境的平衡，使得這些新社區成為了虐疾、流行性感冒、肺結核與鼠疫等傳染病的溫床，為了防止傳染病的擴散，殖民政府引進了西方醫學的技術，然而，消毒不完全的針頭、針筒與醫療器具等成為了病毒性肝炎在原住民社區中傳播的主要途徑。因此，日本殖民主義與伴隨其而來的現代化過程成為感染並破壞原住民社會生態平衡的巨型病原菌，而這個巨型病原菌降低了原住民對疾病的抵抗能力，相對地造成原住民個體對肝炎病毒的易感病性。由於主流社會缺乏對過去殖民主義與現代化的歷史情境之認知，肝炎的流行已被當代國家原住民化與被視為原住民特有的健康問題。
The epidemics of hepatitis B and C are serious public health problems in the indigenous peoples (Austronesian speakers) of Taiwan over the past several decades. Currently, approximately fifteen percent of the indigenous peoples are infected by hepatitis B or C virus (HBV and HCV). The ethnographic research conducted at two Truku villages in eastern Taiwan explores that colonialism and modernity took place in the first two decades of the twentieth century initiated the large-scale transmissions of HBV and HCV in the Truku communities. Under the colonial regime, the physical, biological, and cultural components of the total ecosystem were greatly altered while the Japanese empire conquered the Truku nation and relocated the Truku to few communities in the eastern coast of Taiwan in the 1910s. These new communities shaped the harbors of various infectious diseases such as malaria, influenza, tuberculosis, and bubonic plague. To prevent the outbreaks of infectious diseases in the Truku communities, Western medicine was introduced by the colonial government. However, reusing needles, syringes, and surgical instruments that might not be completely sterilized permitted the infections of HBV and HCV through iatrogenic routes within the local communities. As such, colonialism and modernity as well as marcoparasites infected an indigenous society and unbalanced its total ecosystem resulting in the indigenous bodies were vulnerable to microparasits (virus). Without considering the historical contexts of colonialism and modernity, the state racialized the epidemic hepatitis B and C as indigenous problems in later decades.
