Travel Time-Based Equilibrium of High-Occupancy-Vehicle and General-Purpose Lane Allocation

論文發表人: 鍾智林 (加州大學爾灣分校土木所博士班)

 

http://www.trb.org/meeting/2008/default.asp

 

高乘載車道與一般車道使用有限的道路空間，彼此存在競爭關係。本研究提出兩種方法評估合理的車道分配，分別為"車輛旅行時間均衡法"以及"旅客旅行時間均衡法"。前者從車輛的角度分析高乘載車輛與非高乘載車輛之旅行時間關係，後者從旅客的角度分析高乘載車道與一般車道之旅行時間關係，兩種方法可導出不同的高乘載車輛與非高乘載車輛之均衡速度曲線與曲面。由加州橙縣405州際道路的案例研究結果顯示，1個高乘載車道搭配4~5個一般車道的現況配置，高乘載車輛整個旅次鍊的旅行時間較長，相當於處罰共乘者而鼓勵單獨開車﹔車道配置若調整為2個高乘載車道搭配3~4個一般車道，較符合以旅行時間為基礎的車道均衡分配。文末建議結合先進運輸管理系統以及本研究所提的均衡法，透過即時車道調整措施以促進交通公平性。

 

Due to limited road space, HOV and general-purpose (GP) lanes are usually in a trade-off relationship. This study proposes two approaches to assessing fair shares of HOV and GP lanes, namely vehicle travel time equilibrium and passenger travel time equilibrium. The former is on a vehicle basis that equilibrates travel time of HOV and non-HOV; the latter is on a passenger basis. Equilibrate speed surfaces and curves are derived via the approaches. A case study using traffic data of I-405 freeway in Orange County, California, shows that the existing lane allocations, 1 HOV + 4~5 GP lanes, are punishment to HOV, and switch of a GP lane into the second HOV lane would make the HOV reasonably competitive and equilibrate in terms of passenger and/or vehicle travel time. By joining advanced transportation management systems, traffic equity is anticipated with development of real-time lane adjustment that applies the concepts of travel time equilibrium.