Relationships between Psychosocial, Behavioral, and Familial Factors and Sleep Duration in Chinese Adolescents

論文發表人：許雅雯 (南加州大學預防醫學所博士班)

http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2009.pdf

大部分青少年睡眠研究以針對西方國家居多, 對華裔族群的了解甚少. 然而近期研究指出比起美國青少年, 華裔青少年有較多不良的睡眠習慣. 因此, 探討影響華裔青少年睡眠的因素的重要性相對提高. 本研究主旨為探討華裔青少年的睡眠時間與社會心理(憂鬱,一般壓力,學校壓力,生活品質),健康行為(運動,看電視及上網等久坐生活方式,飲食),及家庭因素(父母管教方式和父母監督程度)之關係. 本研究對象包含9023位華裔青少年 (平均年齡15歲, 53%女生, 平均睡眠8小時). 我們發現較高的運動量,較高的一般壓力和學校壓力和華裔青少年有較短的睡眠時間有關. 長期久坐, 常吃零食, 和父母監督越嚴格的華裔青少年有較長的睡眠. 此外, 身為女性, 體重過重, 較高年級,和已過青春期的的華裔青少年擁有較短的睡眠時間. 本研究結論為肥胖和不佳的心理健康(較高一般壓力和學校壓力)會導致華裔學生有較短睡眠時間. 然而本研究也發現高運動量和較短的久坐時間與較短睡眠時間有關. 可能的解釋為運動量較高的華裔青年, 他們相對感到擁有較多活力, 不易感到疲累. 因此和那些運動量低的華裔青少年相比, 運動量高的青少年不需要那麼久的睡眠時間就能獲得充分休息來維持基本生活運作.

Recent research suggests that Chinese youth have shorter sleep duration, later bedtime, and earlier wake time when compared to American youths. However, little is known about the correlates of sleep duration in Chinese adolescents. Therefore, it is important to identify potential determinants for sleep duration in Chinese adolescents.

To investigate the associations between psychosocial (depression, perceived stress, school stress, and quality of life), behavioral (physical activity, sedentary behavior, and diet intake), familial (parenting style and parental monitoring), and demographic factors (school grade, gender, puberty status, weekly allowance, parental education, parental income, and self-perceived health status) with sleep duration among Chinese adolescents. This study includes complete baseline data from a longitudinal smoking prevention and health promotion study conducted in 7 cities in China (N=9023, 52.71% girls, mean age 15, mean sleep duration 7.97 hours). Higher frequency of participation in vigorous physical activity, higher levels of perceived stress, and school stress were related to shorter sleep duration. Time spent on sedentary behavior, frequency of snack intake, and parental monitoring were positively associated with sleep duration. Adolescents who were overweight, female, in higher school grade, and in post-puberty status reported shorter sleep duration. Overweight status and poor mental health (higher level of perceived stress/school stress) were associated with shorter sleep duration. Greater participation in vigorous physical activity and less time in sedentary behavior were related to shorter sleep duration. Perhaps, youths who engage in vigorous physical activity more frequently generally might feel more energetic and they thus might not need as much as sleep as physically inactive youth need in order to maintain normal daily function. Future longitudinal studies are needed to clarify theses associations in Chinese youths.